XVII. CRITIAS (Vorsokratiker 81. 885) 1. Hermogenes de ideis 2, 11, 10 (II p. 415, 28 Sp.): 峒斚兿勎 纬峤跋 魏伪峤 慰峤椣勎肯 (螝蟻喂蟿委伪蟼) 蟽蔚渭谓峤赶 渭峤参 蟺伪蟻伪蟺位畏蟽委蠅蟼 蟿峥 峒埼较勎瓜嗎慷谓蟿喂 魏伪峤 未喂畏蟻渭苇谓慰蟼 蟺蟻峤赶 峤勎澄何课 魏伪峤 蟿峤 蟺慰位位峤 位苇纬蠅谓 峒蟺慰蠁伪谓蟿喂魏峥断, 魏伪胃伪蟻蠋蟿蔚蟻慰蟼 未峤 蟿峤次 位苇尉喂谓 魏伪委, 峤呄勎 蟺蔚蟻喂尾维位位慰喂, 未喂蔚蠀魏蟻喂谓峥段, 峤ハ兿勎 5 蔚峒段轿蔽 魏伪峤 蟽伪蠁峤聪 峒呂嘉 蟿峥 渭蔚纬苇胃蔚喂 魏伪峤 蔚峤愇合佄刮轿. 峒斚囄滴 未峤 蟺慰位位伪蠂慰峥 魏伪峤 渭维位喂蟽蟿伪 峒愇 蟿慰峥栂 未畏渭畏纬慰蟻喂魏慰峥栂 蟺蟻慰慰喂渭委慰喂蟼 魏伪峤 蟿峤 峒位畏胃喂谓蠈谓 蟿蔚 魏伪委 蟺喂胃伪谓蠈谓. 4 峤呄勎 蟺蔚蟻喂尾维位位慰喂 i. e. 蔚峒 蟽蔚渭谓峥断 魏伪峤 蟺蔚蟻喂蟿蟿峥断 位苇纬蔚喂谓 蟺蔚喂蟻峥废勎. 未畏渭畏纬慰蟻喂魏峥段 蟺蟻慰慰喂渭委蠅谓 exstitisse collectionem Critiae nomine signatam Hermogenis verba docere videntur, sicut Antiphontis, Cephali, Demosthenis (Pollux VI 143) prooemia exstabant. Sed Demosthenis etiam nunc 56 prooemia congesta possidemus. Ipse quidem Cicero (ad Att. 16, 6, 4) ad manum se habere eiusmodi emolumentum testatur, cum dicit: 鈥榙e gloria librum ad te misi, at in eo prooemium id est, quod in Academico tertio. id evenit ob eam rem, quod habeo volumen prooemiorum. ex eo eligere soleo, cum aliquod 蟽蠉纬纬蟻伪渭渭伪 institui. Itaque iam in Tusculano, qui non meminissem me abusum isto prooemio, conieci id in eum librum quem tibi misi.鈥 Mos erat oratoribus talia aut proprio ingenio comparare aut ab aliis ficta atque in lucem edita in usum suum convertere, sicut Andocidem et Lysiam fecisse constat.
2. Critiae Elegiarum fr. 7 D. (Stob. III 29, 11): 峒愇 渭蔚位苇蟿畏蟼 蟺位蔚委慰蠀蟼 峒 蠁蠉蟽蔚蠅蟼 峒纬伪胃慰委. Cf. Eueni fr. B XX 6, Isocratis 15, 189 sq. al.
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XVII. Critias
1. Hermogenes, On Forms: [Kritias] too is magnificent in a similar way to Antiphon, with a tendency to be dignified and a habit of stating most things in a declaratory manner. However, his expression is purer and, when he exaggerates, he is still well organised, so that he is both clear despite the high tone and easy to follow. In many places, but especially in the prologues to deliberative speeches, he displays both truth and persuasion.
Hermogenes鈥 words seem to show that there was a collection of 鈥榩rologues to deliberative speeches鈥 carrying Critias鈥 name in the title, just as there were prologues of Antiphon, Cephalus, and Demosthenes (Pollux 6.143). But as far as Demosthenes is concerned, we still possess 56 proems gathered together. Cicero himself (Letters to Atticus 16.6.4) testifies to having such a work as he writes: 鈥業 have sent you a book on glory, and it contains a proem that is in the Third Academic, too. This is because I happen to possess a volume of proems. Out of it I usually choose one when I decide to write something. So already in my Tusculan property I, who did not remember having already used up this proem, put it in the book I sent you.鈥 It was customary for orators either to put together such texts out of their own devices or to put into their own use ones that others had come up with and got published, as we know Andocides and Lysias did.
2. Critias, Elegies, fr. 7 D.: More are good through practice than by nature. Cf. Euenus fr. B XX 6, Isocrates 15.189 f. and elsewhere. |